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| {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:320px;"
| | = Mesopotamian religion = |
| ! colspan="2" | Mesopotamian religion
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| ! Family
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| | Ancient / Near Eastern
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| ! Origin region
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| | Mesopotamia, especially Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria
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| ! Founding period
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| | 3rd millennium BCE through late antiquity
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| ! Estimated adherents
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| | No continuous public tradition today; studied historically and revived symbolically by some modern groups.
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| |}
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| '''Mesopotamian religion''' is mesopotamian religion refers to the religious systems of ancient Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian civilizations, centered on city gods, temples, divination, kingship, and cosmic order. | | '''Mesopotamian religion''' refers to the polytheistic traditions of Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria, including temple worship, divine kingship, ritual, myth, and omens. |
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| == Overview == | | == Overview == |
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| Mesopotamian religion developed in the cities and empires of the Tigris-Euphrates region. It was highly temple-centered, with major gods associated with cities, heavenly bodies, natural powers, and political order. Priests, diviners, scribes, kings, and households all participated in religious life.
| | This starter page is intended as a neutral reference entry. It can be expanded with history, beliefs, practices, symbols, texts, branches, notable figures, and related concepts. |
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| == Key beliefs == | | == Related pages == |
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| * A large pantheon including An, Enlil, Enki/Ea, Inanna/Ishtar, Marduk, Ashur, Nanna/Sin, and Shamash
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| * City gods as protectors of urban and political communities
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| * Divine signs, omens, fate, and ritual appeasement
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| * Kingship as religiously legitimated stewardship
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| * The underworld and limited forms of postmortem existence
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| == Practices ==
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| * Temple offerings and maintenance of divine statues
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| * Divination, omen interpretation, and astrology
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| * Royal rituals and public festivals
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| * Household rites and protective incantations
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| * Laments, hymns, and ritual purification
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| == Places of worship ==
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| * Ziggurat temple complex
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| * City temple
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| * Household shrine
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| == Sacred texts ==
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| * Enuma Elish
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| * Epic of Gilgamesh
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| * Hymns to Inanna and other gods
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| * Omen series and ritual texts
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| == Holidays and observances ==
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| * Akitu New Year festival
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| * City god festivals
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| * Royal and temple observances
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| == Branches and related traditions ==
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| * [[Sumerian religion]] - The earlier southern Mesopotamian religious tradition.
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| * [[Babylonian religion]] - A later Mesopotamian tradition centered especially on Babylon and Marduk.
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| * [[Assyrian religion]] - A northern Mesopotamian tradition associated with Assur/Ashur and Assyrian kingship.
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Religion]] | | * [[Religion]] |
| * [[Theology]] | | * [[Theism]] |
| | * [[Religious symbols]] |
| | * [[Religious concepts and ideals]] |
| * [[Philosophy of religion]] | | * [[Philosophy of religion]] |
| * [[New Religious Movements]]
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| * [[Indigenous and Traditional Religions]]
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| [[Category:Religions]]
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| [[Category:Ancient religions]] | | [[Category:Ancient religions]] |
| [[Category:Near Eastern religions]] | | [[Category:Religion]] |
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Mesopotamian religion refers to the polytheistic traditions of Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria, including temple worship, divine kingship, ritual, myth, and omens.
This starter page is intended as a neutral reference entry. It can be expanded with history, beliefs, practices, symbols, texts, branches, notable figures, and related concepts.
